Contents
What Causes Acute Scrotal Pain in Adults?
Published: Jan 13, 2024
Acute scrotal pain can be a sudden and severe condition requiring prompt attention. This article dives into the causes of this discomfort and why you should take it seriously.
Understanding the Anatomy
The scrotum houses several critical structures, including the testis, epididymis, and spermatic cord. The testis produces sperm and hormones, and is surrounded by the tunica vaginalis, which can accumulate fluid causing swelling. The epididymis is responsible for storing and maturing sperm cells. Knowing these structures helps in understanding the potential sources of pain.
Common Conditions Leading to Pain
The main culprits of acute scrotal pain are testicular torsion, acute epididymitis, and Fournier's gangrene. Testicular torsion occurs when the spermatic cord twists, cutting off blood supply. Acute epididymitis is often due to infections like gonorrhea or chlamydia. Fournier's gangrene, though rare, is a severe infection that requires immediate surgical intervention.
Diagnosing the Cause
Diagnosing acute scrotal pain involves a thorough physical examination and medical history assessment. The cremasteric reflex test helps differentiate between testicular torsion and other conditions. Ultrasound may be used to confirm diagnoses like testicular torsion when the physical exam is inconclusive.
Frequently Asked Questions
Acute epididymitis is the most common cause.
It is often diagnosed through physical exams and confirmed with ultrasound.
It is a severe infection of the perineum requiring urgent surgery.
It should be treated within 6 hours to prevent testicular damage.
Key Takeaways
Prompt diagnosis and treatment of acute scrotal pain can prevent severe complications.
References
- Rabinowitz R. The importance of the cremasteric reflex in acute scrotal swelling in children. J Urol 1984; 132:89.
- Trojian TH, Lishnak TS, Heiman D. Epididymitis and orchitis: an overview. Am Fam Physician 2009; 79:583.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic. Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.
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