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Waldenström Macroglobulinemia: What You Need to Know
Published: Sep 21, 2024
Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) is a rare blood cancer that affects older adults, typically presenting with a range of symptoms due to abnormal blood proteins and bone marrow infiltration.
Understanding the Basics
WM is characterized by the overproduction of IgM antibodies, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, weight loss, and bleeding. The condition is more common in males and often diagnosed in individuals over 70 years old. It's a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, specifically affecting white blood cells called B lymphocytes.
Common Symptoms
Patients often experience symptoms like anemia, weakness, and enlarged organs due to abnormal IgM proteins in the blood. Some may have hyperviscosity syndrome, causing vision problems or headaches, while others might suffer from neuropathy, leading to tingling or numbness.
Diagnosing WM
Diagnosis involves blood tests to detect IgM levels and bone marrow biopsies to confirm the presence of cancerous cells. Genetic testing for MYD88 mutations can help differentiate WM from similar conditions. Early detection is crucial for managing symptoms effectively.
Frequently Asked Questions
WM is a rare blood cancer involving abnormal IgM protein production.
Older adults, especially males over 70, are at higher risk.
Diagnosis is through blood tests and bone marrow biopsies.
Family history may increase risk, but it's mostly sporadic.
Key Takeaways
Understanding WM and its symptoms is essential for timely diagnosis and management.
References
- Fonseca R, Hayman S. Waldenström macroglobulinaemia. Br J Haematol 2007; 138:700.
- Groves FD, Travis LB, Devesa SS, et al. Waldenström's macroglobulinemia: incidence patterns in the United States, 1988-1994. Cancer 1998; 82:1078.
- Castillo JJ, Olszewski AJ, Kanan S, et al. Overall survival and competing risks of death in patients with Waldenström macroglobulinaemia: an analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database. Br J Haematol 2015; 169:81.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic. Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.
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