March 31, 2026 Migraine

Does Riboflavin Prevent Migraines?

Medically reviewed by Andre Stone | MD, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine on August 25th, 2026.

Yes, riboflavin (vitamin B2) can help prevent migraines in some people. Some studies suggest that taking 400 mg of riboflavin daily for at least 3 months may reduce migraine frequency in some adults, but results vary and the evidence is limited. The vitamin works by improving mitochondrial energy production in brain cells, which may help prevent the cellular dysfunction that triggers migraines. Riboflavin has been studied as a preventive treatment taken regularly, not as a treatment for an active migraine attack. Riboflavin is generally well tolerated, and bright yellow urine is common and harmless. Some people may have other side effects, such as diarrhea or increased urination. Ask a clinician whether a 400 mg daily dose is appropriate for you, especially if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, treating a child, or taking other medicines.