Contents
Decoding CDI: How is C. difficile Diagnosed?
Published: May 25, 2024
Diagnosing Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) can be tricky, but understanding the tests involved can help demystify the process.
The Gold Standard: NAAT
The nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) is a highly sensitive method used to detect the presence of C. difficile toxins in stool samples. This test can quickly identify the infection and is often combined with enzyme immunoassays to ensure accuracy. However, it cannot differentiate between active infections and carriers of the bacteria.
Other Testing Methods
Enzyme immunoassays for toxins A and B provide another way to diagnose CDI. Although less sensitive than NAAT, they are quick and can confirm the presence of toxins. Selective anaerobic culture is another method, though it's slower and more labor-intensive, primarily used for research purposes.
When is Testing Needed?
Testing is crucial for patients with unexplained diarrhea and relevant risk factors like antibiotic use. Only liquid stool samples from symptomatic patients should be tested to avoid false positives. In cases of ileus, where diarrhea is absent, specific rectal swabs may be used for diagnosis.
Frequently Asked Questions
NAAT is a sensitive test for detecting C. difficile toxins.
Yes, enzyme immunoassays and anaerobic cultures are also used.
Testing should be done for patients with unexplained diarrhea.
The Bottom Line
Understanding CDI tests can lead to quicker and more accurate diagnoses.
References
- Kelly CP, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT. Clostridium difficile colitis. N Engl J Med 1994; 330:257.
- Leffler DA, Lamont JT. Clostridium difficile infection. N Engl J Med 2015; 372:1539.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic. Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.
AI Doctor Visit Required
Appointments available 24/7
Top licensed doctors
Available in all 50 states
Full service care
Prescriptions, referrals & treatment
No insurance needed
All notes available in Doctronic
15-min consultation. No hidden costs.
AI Doctor Visit Required
Please Chat With Our AI Doctor First
Our AI doctor assessment helps our human doctors prepare for your video visit and provide better care
For safety reasons we have been forced to end this consultation.
If you believe this is a medical emergency please call 911 or your local emergency services immediately.
If you are experiencing emotional distress, please call the the Suicide & Crisis Lifeline at 988 or your local crisis services immediately.
Contact us
You can also email us at help@doctronic.ai
We aim to reply within 5-7 days
How likely are you to recommend Doctronic to friends or family?