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5 Key Tests Your Doctor May Use to Diagnose Vertigo
Published: Oct 26, 2023
When you're experiencing vertigo, figuring out the cause is crucial for proper treatment. Doctors have several tests up their sleeves to get to the root of your spinning sensations.
The Head Impulse Test: A Quick Check for Inner Ear Issues
This simple yet effective test involves the doctor quickly turning your head while you focus on their nose. If your eyes can't stay fixed on the target, it may indicate an inner ear problem. It's a quick way to distinguish between central (brain-related) and peripheral (inner ear) causes of vertigo.
Dix-Hallpike Maneuver: Uncovering BPPV
This test is specifically designed to diagnose Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV), a common cause of vertigo. The doctor will quickly lay you back with your head turned and tilted, watching for characteristic eye movements. If BPPV is present, this maneuver often triggers brief but intense vertigo.
Electronystagmography (ENG) and Videonystagmography (VNG)
These tests use electrodes or video cameras to record your eye movements. They can detect abnormal eye movements called nystagmus, which often accompany vertigo. ENG and VNG help pinpoint issues in the vestibular system and can distinguish between different types of vertigo.
Imaging Tests: Looking Inside
In some cases, your doctor may order an MRI or CT scan to rule out more serious causes of vertigo like tumors or strokes. These imaging tests provide detailed pictures of your brain and inner ear structures. They're especially important if you have additional neurological symptoms beyond vertigo.
Frequently Asked Questions
Most are non-invasive and cause minimal discomfort.
Simple tests take minutes, while ENG/VNG may take an hour or more.
Your doctor will determine which tests are necessary based on your symptoms.
Knowledge is Power
Understanding these tests can help you feel more prepared and empowered during your vertigo diagnosis journey.
References
- Hotson JR, Baloh RW. Acute vestibular syndrome. N Engl J Med 1998; 339:680-685.
- Newman-Toker DE, et al. HINTS outperforms ABCD2 to screen for stroke in acute continuous vertigo and dizziness. Acad Emerg Med 2013; 20:986-996.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic. Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.
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