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What is Bacterial Vaginosis and Why Should You Care?
Published: Apr 23, 2024
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common cause of abnormal vaginal discharge in women of reproductive age. It's important to understand because it can increase your risk of getting sexually transmitted infections.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
The main symptoms of BV are abnormal vaginal discharge and a fishy odor. However, many women with BV have no symptoms at all. Doctors diagnose BV by examining the vaginal discharge under a microscope and testing its pH level. They may also use special lab tests to look for certain types of bacteria.
Treatment Options
The most common treatments for BV are antibiotics like metronidazole or clindamycin. These can be taken as pills by mouth or applied as creams or gels inside the vagina. Treatment usually lasts for 5-7 days. It's important to finish all the medication even if symptoms improve quickly.
Prevention and Recurrence
BV often comes back after treatment. About 30% of women have symptoms again within 3 months, and over 50% within a year. To help prevent recurrence, avoid douching and limit sexual partners. Using condoms may also help. Some doctors recommend taking probiotics, but more research is needed on their effectiveness.
Frequently Asked Questions
No, BV only affects people with vaginas.
Yes, it can make you more susceptible to HIV and other STIs.
No, but sexual activity can increase risk.
Generally no, unless they have symptoms.
It may increase risk of preterm birth.
Key Takeaways
While BV is common and treatable, it's important to see a doctor if you have symptoms to avoid potential complications.
References
- Workowski KA, et al. Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021. MMWR Recomm Rep 2021;70:1.
- Bradshaw CS, et al. High recurrence rates of bacterial vaginosis over the course of 12 months after oral metronidazole therapy. J Infect Dis 2006;193:1478.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic. Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.
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