What is the Difference Between Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes?
Medically reviewed by Andre Stone | MD, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine on August 25th, 2026.
Type 1 and type 2 diabetes differ primarily in their underlying causes and onset patterns. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition in which the body's immune system destroys insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. It often develops in childhood or adolescence but can begin at any age. This accounts for about 5-10% of all diabetes cases. Type 2 diabetes occurs when the body does not respond normally to insulin and, over time, may not produce enough insulin to meet its needs. It is more common in adults, but it can develop at any age, including during childhood or adolescence. It represents about 90-95% of diabetes cases. Risk is influenced by several factors, including genetics, body weight, physical activity, age, and other health and social factors. People with type 1 diabetes need insulin. Treatment for type 2 diabetes is individualized and may include nutrition and physical activity changes, oral or injectable medications, and sometimes insulin, including at diagnosis.
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