Why Do Women Get Recurrent Simple Cystitis?
Why Do Women Get Recurrent Simple Cystitis?
What's This About?
Recurrent simple cystitis, a type of urinary tract infection, is common among women. This article explores who gets it, why it happens, and how it can be prevented.
Contents
- Who Is At Risk?
- Understanding The Causes
- The Role of Genetics
- Prevention Strategies
Who Is At Risk?
Recurrent simple cystitis is particularly common among young, healthy women with normal urinary tracts. In college-age women, 27% experience a recurrence within six months of their first infection. Several factors increase the risk, including frequent sexual intercourse and the use of spermicides. Additionally, genetic factors can make some women more prone to these infections.
Understanding The Causes
Most recurrences are due to reinfection rather than relapse, meaning new infections occur even after the previous one is resolved. The bacteria causing these infections usually come from the rectal flora and can ascend to the bladder. Changes in vaginal flora, especially the loss of protective lactobacilli, may increase susceptibility to infection.
The Role of Genetics
Genetic factors can predispose some women to recurrent cystitis. Nonsecretor phenotypes, which lack certain blood group antigens, are more prone to these infections. These women often have cells that allow bacteria to adhere more easily, increasing infection risk.
Prevention Strategies
Preventive measures include increasing fluid intake to 2-3 liters daily, avoiding spermicides, and considering topical estrogen for postmenopausal women. Behavioral changes such as postcoital voiding may also reduce risk, though evidence is mixed.
FAQs
What is recurrent cystitis?
Recurrent cystitis is having two or more urinary tract infections in six months or three in a year.
Who is most at risk?
Young, sexually active women who use spermicides are at higher risk.
How is it different from other UTIs?
Recurrent cystitis typically involves reinfection, not relapse.
Can genetics play a role?
Yes, certain genetic traits can increase susceptibility.
How can it be prevented?
Prevention includes increased fluid intake and avoiding spermicides.
Key Takeaways
Understanding risk factors and prevention can help manage recurrent cystitis.
Additional References
- Foxman B. Recurring urinary tract infection: incidence and risk factors. Am J Public Health 1990; 80:331.
- Hooton TM, Scholes D, Hughes JP, et al. A prospective study of risk factors for symptomatic urinary tract infection in young women. N Engl J Med 1996; 335:468.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic.