Contents
Why Do Women Get Recurrent Simple Cystitis?
Published: Sep 04, 2023
Recurrent simple cystitis, a type of urinary tract infection, is common among women. This article explores who gets it, why it happens, and how it can be prevented.
Who Is At Risk?
Recurrent simple cystitis is particularly common among young, healthy women with normal urinary tracts. In college-age women, 27% experience a recurrence within six months of their first infection. Several factors increase the risk, including frequent sexual intercourse and the use of spermicides. Additionally, genetic factors can make some women more prone to these infections.
Understanding The Causes
Most recurrences are due to reinfection rather than relapse, meaning new infections occur even after the previous one is resolved. The bacteria causing these infections usually come from the rectal flora and can ascend to the bladder. Changes in vaginal flora, especially the loss of protective lactobacilli, may increase susceptibility to infection.
The Role of Genetics
Genetic factors can predispose some women to recurrent cystitis. Nonsecretor phenotypes, which lack certain blood group antigens, are more prone to these infections. These women often have cells that allow bacteria to adhere more easily, increasing infection risk.
Prevention Strategies
Preventive measures include increasing fluid intake to 2-3 liters daily, avoiding spermicides, and considering topical estrogen for postmenopausal women. Behavioral changes such as postcoital voiding may also reduce risk, though evidence is mixed.
Frequently Asked Questions
Recurrent cystitis is having two or more urinary tract infections in six months or three in a year.
Young, sexually active women who use spermicides are at higher risk.
Recurrent cystitis typically involves reinfection, not relapse.
Yes, certain genetic traits can increase susceptibility.
Prevention includes increased fluid intake and avoiding spermicides.
Key Takeaways
Understanding risk factors and prevention can help manage recurrent cystitis.
References
- Foxman B. Recurring urinary tract infection: incidence and risk factors. Am J Public Health 1990; 80:331.
- Hooton TM, Scholes D, Hughes JP, et al. A prospective study of risk factors for symptomatic urinary tract infection in young women. N Engl J Med 1996; 335:468.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic. Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.
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