What Is Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome? Uncover the Mysteries Behind This Rare Condition!
Published: Oct 01, 2024
Medically reviewed by Alan Lucks | MD, Alan Lucks MDPC Private Practice - New York on October 1st, 2024.
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome is a rare condition causing excessive stomach acid production, leading to severe ulcers and diarrhea. Understanding its causes and symptoms can help in early diagnosis and treatment.
Contents
What Causes Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome?
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome (ZES) is caused by tumors called gastrinomas, which secrete excess gastrin, a hormone that triggers stomach acid production. These tumors are often found in the pancreas or duodenum and can lead to severe peptic ulcers. Interestingly, about 20-30% of these cases are linked to a genetic disorder called Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (MEN1).
Recognizing the Symptoms
Common symptoms of ZES include severe stomach ulcers, persistent heartburn, and chronic diarrhea. These symptoms result from excessive stomach acid that damages the digestive tract. Some patients also experience weight loss and gastrointestinal bleeding, making early recognition crucial for effective management.
Diagnosing the Condition
Diagnosis of ZES involves detecting high levels of gastrin in the blood, especially when the stomach's pH is low. Tests like the secretin stimulation test can help differentiate ZES from other conditions. Imaging studies may also be used to locate gastrinomas and assess the extent of the disease.
Frequently Asked Questions
It's a condition where tumors cause excessive stomach acid production.
Severe ulcers, heartburn, and diarrhea are common symptoms.
By measuring high gastrin levels and using imaging tests.
Yes, about 20-30% of cases are linked to MEN1.
Key Takeaways
Understanding the causes and symptoms of ZES is vital for early diagnosis and treatment.
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References
ZOLLINGER RM, ELLISON EH. Primary peptic ulcerations of the jejunum associated with islet cell tumors of the pancreas. Ann Surg 1955; 142:709.
Ellison EC, Johnson JA. The Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: a comprehensive review of historical, scientific, and clinical considerations. Curr Probl Surg 2009; 46:13.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic. Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.