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What Is Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome and How Is It Managed?
Published: Aug 26, 2024
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES) is a rare condition caused by gastrin-secreting tumors leading to excessive stomach acid. Here's how it's diagnosed and managed.
What Causes ZES?
ZES is caused by tumors known as gastrinomas, which secrete excessive amounts of the hormone gastrin. This leads to increased stomach acid production, resulting in peptic ulcers and other digestive issues. Some cases are linked to a genetic condition called multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1).
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Common symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, and heartburn. Diagnosis typically involves measuring gastrin levels and imaging tests like CT or MRI scans. These tests help identify tumors and assess the extent of the condition.
Treatment Options
Treatment often involves medications like proton pump inhibitors to reduce stomach acid. Surgery may be considered if tumors are localized and resectable. In cases of metastatic disease, additional therapies may be necessary.
Frequently Asked Questions
ZES is caused by gastrin-secreting tumors called gastrinomas.
Diagnosis involves measuring gastrin levels and imaging tests.
Symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, and heartburn.
Treatment can manage symptoms, but a cure isn't always possible.
The Bottom Line
ZES is a complex condition requiring a tailored management approach.
References
- Rossi RE, Elvevi A, Citterio D, et al. Gastrinoma and Zollinger Ellison syndrome: A roadmap for the management between new and old therapies. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:5890.
- Norton JA, Fraker DL, Alexander HR, et al. Surgery increases survival in patients with gastrinoma. Ann Surg 2006; 244:410.
- Metz DC, Pisegna JR, Fishbeyn VA, et al. Control of gastric acid hypersecretion in the management of patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. World J Surg 1993; 17:468.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic. Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.
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