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What Exactly is Acute Bronchitis and Why Should You Care?
Published: Sep 09, 2024
Acute bronchitis is a common condition that involves a sudden but persistent cough due to inflammation of the large airways in the lungs. Most cases are caused by viral infections and typically resolve without the need for antibiotics, which are often overused.
What Causes Acute Bronchitis?
Most cases of acute bronchitis are caused by viruses such as the common cold, influenza, and even COVID-19. Bacteria are a rare cause, and when they do cause bronchitis, it's mostly due to Bordetella pertussis (whooping cough). Understanding the cause is crucial because it affects the treatment approach, with viruses not requiring antibiotics.
Symptoms to Watch Out For
The main symptom of acute bronchitis is a persistent cough lasting one to three weeks. You might also experience wheezing, mild shortness of breath, or chest discomfort. It's important to distinguish these symptoms from more serious conditions like pneumonia, which can present with fever and a more severe cough.
How is Acute Bronchitis Diagnosed?
Diagnosis is usually based on a medical history and physical exam. If pneumonia is suspected, a chest X-ray might be needed. Tests for COVID-19 or flu may be recommended if relevant symptoms are present. Generally, additional tests aren't necessary for a typical case of acute bronchitis.
Frequently Asked Questions
A persistent cough lasting one to three weeks is the hallmark symptom.
Antibiotics are generally not needed as viruses are the main cause.
It's usually self-limiting, but watch for symptoms like high fever that suggest pneumonia.
Avoid smoking and practice good hand hygiene to reduce risk.
Key Takeaway
Knowing the causes and symptoms of acute bronchitis can help you manage it effectively without unnecessary antibiotics.
References
- Harris AM, Hicks LA, Qaseem A, High Value Care Task Force of the American College of Physicians and for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Appropriate Antibiotic Use for Acute Respiratory Tract Infection in Adults: Advice for High-Value Care From the American College of Physicians and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Ann Intern Med 2016; 164:425.
- Ebell MH, Lundgren J, Youngpairoj S. How long does a cough last? Comparing patients' expectations with data from a systematic review of the literature. Ann Fam Med 2013; 11:5.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic. Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.
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