Colon polyps are growths that protrude into the colon's lumen. Most of the time, they are harmless and asymptomatic, but they can sometimes bleed or cause discomfort if located in the rectum. Polyps can be either neoplastic, like adenomas, which have the potential to become cancerous, or non-neoplastic, like inflammatory polyps, which do not.

There are various types of colon polyps, including inflammatory, hamartomatous, and sessile serrated lesions. Inflammatory polyps are non-cancerous and often result from conditions like ulcerative colitis. Hamartomatous polyps, such as juvenile polyps, are made of normal tissue but in a disorganized mass. Sessile serrated lesions have potential malignant risks, especially if they exhibit dysplasia.

While many polyps are benign, some, particularly adenomatous polyps, can progress to colorectal cancer over time. This emphasizes the importance of regular screening and surveillance. Early detection through procedures like colonoscopy can prevent progression and manage polyps effectively.

Regular screening is the key to managing colon polyps and reducing the risk of colorectal cancer.