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Hip Fracture Risk Factors: What Increases Your Chances?
Published: Apr 10, 2024
Hip fractures can be life-changing events, especially for older adults. Knowing the risk factors can help you take steps to protect yourself or your loved ones.
Age and Gender
Age is the most significant risk factor for hip fractures. As we get older, our bones naturally become weaker and more prone to breaking. Women are at higher risk than men, particularly after menopause when bone density decreases more rapidly. In fact, about 75% of all hip fractures occur in women.
Bone Health
Osteoporosis, a condition where bones become weak and brittle, greatly increases the risk of hip fractures. Even minor falls can result in fractures when bones are fragile. Other conditions that affect bone strength, such as certain cancers or endocrine disorders, can also increase risk. Regular bone density scans can help identify those at higher risk.
Lifestyle Factors
Several lifestyle factors can influence hip fracture risk. Lack of regular exercise can lead to weak muscles and poor balance, increasing fall risk. Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption can weaken bones. A diet low in calcium and vitamin D can also contribute to poor bone health. Maintaining an active lifestyle and a healthy diet can help reduce these risks.
Medications and Medical Conditions
Certain medications, such as long-term use of corticosteroids, can weaken bones. Some medications that affect balance or cause dizziness can increase fall risk. Medical conditions like Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, or vision problems can also increase the likelihood of falls. It's important to review all medications and health conditions with your doctor to understand your personal risk factors.
Frequently Asked Questions
Many hip fractures can be prevented through lifestyle changes and fall prevention.
Yes, having a parent who had a hip fracture increases your risk.
Yes, but it's less common and usually due to severe trauma.
Hip protectors can help reduce fracture risk in some high-risk individuals.
Yes, being underweight can increase hip fracture risk due to lower bone mass.
Taking Action
While some risk factors can't be changed, many can be addressed to reduce your chance of hip fracture.
References
- National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. The management of hip fractures in adults, 2011. Updated 2017.
- Adunsky A, Lichtenstein A, Mizrahi E, et al. Blood transfusion requirements in elderly hip fracture patients. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2003; 36:75.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic. Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.
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