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Could Cognitive Decline in Parkinson's Be More Common Than You Think?
Published: Jul 20, 2024
Cognitive issues are surprisingly frequent in Parkinson's disease (PD), often becoming more disabling than the movement symptoms themselves. Understanding these changes can help in managing the condition better.
Unraveling the Stats
Cognitive decline in PD is no small issue; nearly 30 to 40% of PD patients will experience dementia. This risk increases dramatically with age, with over 80% of patients developing dementia after two decades with the disease. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is also prevalent, affecting up to 35% of newly diagnosed patients.
Risk Factors Uncovered
Several risk factors increase the likelihood of cognitive decline in PD, such as older age, longer disease duration, and severe motor symptoms. Genetics also play a role, with certain gene mutations linked to more severe cognitive changes. Additionally, conditions like REM sleep behavior disorder and autonomic dysfunction can signal higher risk.
The Complex Pathology
Cognitive decline in PD may be linked to the spread of Lewy bodies in the brain, similar to dementia with Lewy bodies. However, not all cognitive decline in PD patients can be explained by Lewy bodies alone—Alzheimer's-like changes may also contribute.
Frequently Asked Questions
Around 30 to 40% of PD patients develop dementia.
Studies suggest that over 80% of PD patients may experience dementia eventually.
Older age, longer PD duration, and severe symptoms increase risk.
Yes, certain gene mutations can increase cognitive risks.
Key Takeaways
Understanding the risk factors and pathology of cognitive decline in PD is crucial for better management and care.
References
- Aarsland D, Zaccai J, Brayne C. A systematic review of prevalence studies of dementia in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2005; 20:1255.
- Svenningsson P, Westman E, Ballard C, Aarsland D. Cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease: diagnosis, biomarkers, and treatment. Lancet Neurol 2012; 11:697.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic. Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.
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