Radiation therapy is a common treatment for cancer that uses high-energy waves to destroy or damage cancer cells. While it can be an effective way to treat cancer, it can also cause side effects. The type and severity of side effects you experience will depend on factors such as the type and amount of radiation you receive, the part of your body being treated, and your overall health.
The most common early side effects of radiation therapy include:
Fatigue
Skin problems (redness, swelling, itching, peeling)
Hair loss (only if radiation is given to the scalp or brain)
Eating problems (loss of appetite, difficulty swallowing)
Mouth problems (sores, lack of saliva, thick saliva, jaw stiffness)
Hearing problems
Nausea and vomiting
Diarrhea
Fertility and sexual issues
These side effects usually begin during treatment or shortly after and may last for several weeks after treatment ends. However, they typically improve over time.
Fatigue is one of the most common side effects of radiation therapy. To help manage fatigue:
Take care of your health by getting plenty of rest, staying active, and eating a healthy diet
Work with a counselor or take a class to learn ways to conserve energy and reduce stress
Prioritize important activities and tackle them when you have the most energy
Find a balance between rest and activity
Ask for help from family and friends
Talk to your employer about adjusting your work schedule or taking time off if needed
Radiation therapy can cause skin problems similar to a sunburn. To care for your skin during treatment:
Wear loose, soft clothing over the treatment area
Clean the skin gently with mild soap and lukewarm water
Avoid applying anything hot or cold to the skin unless directed by your doctor
Use cornstarch to help relieve itching
Protect your skin from the sun by covering the treatment area and using sunscreen
Avoid wearing tight clothing or underwire bras if you are receiving radiation to the breast
In addition to early side effects, radiation therapy can also cause late side effects that may not appear until months or years after treatment. These can include:
Damage to organs such as the lungs or heart
Bladder, bowel, fertility, and sexual problems
Increased risk of developing a second cancer
It's important to discuss the potential risks and benefits of radiation therapy with your doctor before beginning treatment.
If you are experiencing side effects from radiation therapy that are impacting your quality of life, don't hesitate to contact your doctor or healthcare team. They can offer advice and treatment options to help manage your symptoms and make you more comfortable.
Remember, everyone responds differently to radiation therapy. By working closely with your healthcare team and taking steps to manage side effects, you can improve your quality of life during treatment.
For more information about radiation therapy and its side effects, visit:
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