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Understanding Blood Tests During Your Pregnancy: What You Need to Know
Medically reviewed by Angel Kerney | MD, F.A.C.O.G Obstetrics & Gynecology on November 20th, 2023.
When you're pregnant, your doctor will recommend certain blood tests to check on your health and rule out potential problems. These tests are essential for ensuring the well-being of both you and your baby throughout your pregnancy.
Who Needs Pregnancy Blood Tests?
All pregnant women should get blood tests as part of their prenatal care. These tests help identify any issues that could affect you or your baby, allowing for early intervention and treatment if necessary.
What Do Pregnancy Blood Tests Check For?
During your first prenatal visit, your doctor will take a blood sample to check for various conditions, including:
Rubella
Cystic fibrosis
Sickle cell anemia
Hepatitis B
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)
The lab will also use the blood sample to determine your blood type, Rh factor, glucose levels, cell counts, and hemoglobin, which is a protein that carries oxygen throughout your body.
Additional Blood Tests During Pregnancy
As your pregnancy progresses, you will undergo additional blood tests. These tests can screen for gestational diabetes, infections, and assess your baby's risk of birth defects. Genetic testing, which is optional, is typically done in the first trimester.
How Are Pregnancy Blood Tests Performed?
Blood tests are safe for both you and your baby. A technician will draw a small amount of blood from your arm, which will then be sent to a lab for analysis.
Understanding Your Test Results
If any of your test results are abnormal, your doctor will likely recommend follow-up tests. In the event of a problem, prompt treatment or extra monitoring will help keep you and your baby healthy throughout your pregnancy.
Frequency of Pregnancy Blood Tests
You will receive a blood test during your first prenatal visit. In your second trimester, you will have another blood test to check for diabetes and recheck your hemoglobin levels. If you are Rh negative, your antibodies will also be rechecked. Depending on your individual circumstances and preferences, you may undergo additional blood tests.
For more information on pregnancy blood tests, consult with your healthcare provider or visit reputable websites such as The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, March of Dimes, or Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
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