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Diabetic Foot Care: Tips to Keep Your Feet Healthy

Alan Lucks | MD

Medically reviewed by Alan Lucks | MD, Alan Lucks MDPC Private Practice - New York on April 14th, 2024.

Key Takeaways

  • Diabetic neuropathy affects up to 50% of people with diabetes, causing nerve damage that reduces sensation and makes foot injuries go unnoticed until they become serious wounds.
  • Poor circulation from diabetes slows healing time by 3-5 times longer than normal, turning minor cuts into non-healing ulcers that can lead to infection within days.
  • Daily foot inspections should include checking between toes, examining soles with a mirror, and monitoring for temperature changes—even small blisters or ingrown nails require immediate attention.
  • Proper diabetic shoes have extra depth, seamless interiors, and should be fitted in the afternoon when feet are naturally swollen; never break in new shoes for more than 1-2 hours initially.
  • Maintaining HbA1c levels below 7% significantly reduces neuropathy progression, while levels above 9% accelerate nerve damage and double amputation risk within 10 years.

When you have diabetes, taking care of your feet is crucial to prevent serious complications. Diabetes can damage your nerves and reduce blood flow to your feet, making you more susceptible to foot problems. By following these simple tips, you can keep your feet healthy and avoid potential issues.

Wash and Dry Your Feet Daily

Keeping your feet clean is essential. Use mild soaps and warm water to wash your feet, but avoid soaking them for too long as it can dry out your skin. After washing, gently pat your feet dry and apply lotion or petroleum jelly to prevent cracking. Be sure to thoroughly dry between your toes to prevent fungal infections.

Check Your Feet Every Day

Make it a habit to inspect your feet daily. Look for any signs of dry, cracked skin, blisters, cuts, scratches, bruises, or other sores. Use a mirror or ask someone to help you if you have trouble seeing the bottoms of your feet. Check between your toes for cuts or fungus, and be mindful of redness, increased warmth, or tenderness. If you notice any issues, contact your doctor promptly.

Diabetic Foot Care: Tips to Keep Your Feet Healthy

Take Care of Your Toenails

Proper toenail care is important to prevent ingrown nails and infections. Cut your toenails straight across after bathing, when they are soft, and smooth the edges with a nail file. Avoid cutting into the corners of your toes. If you have difficulty trimming your nails, consider seeing a podiatrist or nail technician.

Protect Your Feet With Shoes and Socks

Never go barefoot or wear only socks. Always protect your feet with shoes, hard-soled slippers, or similar footwear to avoid stepping on objects that could cause cuts or injuries. Choose shoes that fit well, have closed toes and heels, and provide adequate support. Wear socks made from natural fibers, and avoid tight or seamed socks that could cause blisters.

Good Shoe Choices for Diabetic Feet

  • Closed toes and heels

  • Stiff outer sole

  • Leather, canvas, or suede uppers without inside seams

  • Cushioned sole to absorb pressure

  • Laces for better support

Diabetic Socks

Wearing diabetic socks can help improve blood flow, keep your feet dry, prevent fungal infections, and provide cushioning. Look for socks with flat or no seams, stretchy cuffs, moisture-wicking materials, and extra thickness in the heel and ball of the foot.

Be Careful When Exercising

Regular exercise is important for maintaining healthy blood flow, but be sure to wear comfortable shoes and avoid exercising with open sores on your feet. Consult your doctor about the best type of activity for you.

When to Talk to Your Doctor

Contact your doctor if you notice any of the following foot problems:

  • Athlete's foot

  • Foot ulcers

  • Ingrown toenails

  • Increasing numbness or pain

  • Calluses, warts, or corns

  • Redness, swelling, or drainage (signs of infection)

  • Changes in nail appearance or growth

  • Blackening of skin

  • Bunions

  • Hammer toes

  • Swelling, redness, or heat in the foot, ankle, or toe

By taking good care of your feet and reporting any issues to your doctor promptly, you can prevent many serious problems related to diabetes. Remember, healthy feet are essential for maintaining your overall well-being and quality of life.

For more information on diabetic foot care, visit the following reputable sources:

The Bottom Line

The key to preventing diabetic foot complications is combining daily self-examinations with strict blood sugar control and professional foot care every 3-6 months. Even minor foot problems can escalate rapidly in diabetics, making early detection and treatment critical. If you notice any foot changes, persistent numbness, or healing issues, Doctronic can help connect you with appropriate care quickly.

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