Medically reviewed by Angel Kerney | MD, F.A.C.O.G Obstetrics & Gynecology on June 12th, 2023.
Breast cancer is a serious concern for women, with the lifetime risk in the U.S. increasing from around 5% in 1940 to 12% today. Early detection is crucial in improving the chances of successful treatment, which is why breast cancer screening is so important.
Women who have regular breast cancer screening mammograms are less likely to die from the disease. The effectiveness of screening depends on several factors, including:
The quality of the screening test
Getting screened as often as recommended
Following your treatment plan if diagnosed
Knowing how your breasts normally look and feel can help you notice any changes. While the American Cancer Society states that research has not shown a clear benefit of regular breast self-exams, it's still a good idea to be familiar with your breasts. Talk to your doctor about what's right for you.
Clinical breast exams are performed by your doctor during regular checkups. They will feel both breasts for lumps or other changes and visually examine them for any unusual signs. If suspicious lumps are found, your doctor may recommend further testing.
Mammograms are X-rays of the breast that can detect lumps up to 2 years before they can be felt. There are two types of mammograms:
Screening mammograms: These look at your breasts when you don't have a specific concern.
Diagnostic mammograms: These focus on a specific area of concern, such as a suspicious lump or breast pain.
Most women start having screening mammograms between the ages of 40 and 50, depending on their personal risk factors and their doctor's recommendations. The American Cancer Society provides detailed guidelines for when to start and how often to have mammograms.
Breast MRIs create a detailed picture of your breast by combining several images. They are typically used after a diagnosis to determine the extent of cancer spread, but may also be used in combination with mammograms for high-risk women. Learn more about MRIs for breast cancer diagnosis.
Breast ultrasounds are often used for women with dense breasts or those at high risk who cannot have an MRI. They are also an option for pregnant women to avoid X-ray exposure from mammograms. Find out more about what happens during a breast ultrasound.
If you are diagnosed with breast cancer, your doctor will need to determine the type and stage of the cancer. This may involve a biopsy, lymph node check, and other tests to help determine the best treatment plan for you. Your doctor will guide you through the process and help you understand your options.
Remember, early detection through regular breast cancer screening is key to improving your chances of successful treatment. Talk to your doctor about the screening plan that's right for you based on your individual risk factors and medical history.
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