Bone spurs, also known as osteophytes, are smooth, hard bumps of extra bone that form on the ends of bones, often in the joints where two bones meet. While most bone spurs don't cause problems, they can lead to pain and stiffness if they rub against other bones or press on nerves. In this article, we'll explore the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for bone spurs.
The most common cause of bone spurs is joint damage from osteoarthritis or degenerative joint disease. As the cushioning between your joints and the bones of your spine wears down with age, your body may attempt to repair the damage by adding extra bone to the affected area. Other factors that can contribute to the development of bone spurs include:
Rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and gout
Joint or tendon injuries
Overuse of joints (e.g., from running or dancing)
Genetic factors
Diet and obesity
Bone problems present from birth
Narrowing of the spine (spinal stenosis)
Bone spurs often go unnoticed until they are discovered during an X-ray for another condition. However, when they press on nerves, tendons, or other structures in your body, you may experience the following symptoms:
Pain or stiffness in the affected joint, especially when bending or moving
Weakness, numbness, or tingling in your arms or legs (if the bone spur presses on spinal nerves)
Muscle spasms, cramps, or weakness
Bumps under your skin, particularly in the hands and fingers
Difficulty controlling your bladder or bowels (rarely, if the bone spur presses on certain spinal nerves)
If you suspect you have a bone spur, your regular doctor will likely refer you to a rheumatologist or orthopedic doctor who specializes in joint problems and the musculoskeletal system. Your doctor may physically examine the affected joint, feeling for any bumps, and order imaging tests such as:
X-rays
CT scans
MRIs
Electroconductive tests (to assess nerve damage caused by bone spurs)
Treatment for bone spurs aims to relieve pain, reduce swelling, and improve joint mobility. Over-the-counter pain relievers like acetaminophen (Tylenol), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), or naproxen sodium (Aleve) can help manage symptoms. However, long-term use of these medications can lead to side effects, so it's essential to consult your doctor if you've been using them for more than a month.
Other treatment options for bone spurs include:
Rest
Steroid injections to reduce swelling and pain
Physical therapy to improve joint strength and increase movement
Surgery to remove the extra bone (in cases where other treatments are ineffective or the bone spur significantly affects movement)
While it may not be possible to prevent bone spurs caused by the natural wear and tear of arthritis, you can take steps to reduce your risk of developing bone spurs due to other factors:
Wear well-fitted, supportive shoes with a wide toe box and adequate cushioning
Use thick socks to prevent shoes from rubbing against your feet
Maintain a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D to support bone health
Engage in regular weight-bearing exercises to keep your bones strong
Maintain a healthy weight
Seek early treatment for any signs of joint trouble, such as pain, swelling, or stiffness
By understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for bone spurs, you can work with your healthcare provider to manage your condition and maintain your quality of life. If you experience persistent joint pain or stiffness, don't hesitate to consult your doctor for an accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment plan.
For more information on bone spurs and joint health, visit:
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP), also known as primary immune thrombocytopenic purpura or autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura, is a blood disorder characterized by [...]
Clostridium Difficile (C. diff) is a type of bacteria that can cause a serious infection in the colon, leading to severe inflammation and diarrhea. C. diff infections often [...]
If you have HIV, treating it early with antiretroviral medicines is crucial for maintaining a healthy immune system. However, if HIV goes untreated for years, it can weaken [...]