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Antibiotics for Acne: How They Work and When to Use Them
Published: Aug 25, 2024
When topical treatments aren't enough, oral antibiotics can be a powerful weapon against acne. But how do they work, and when should you consider them?
How Antibiotics Combat Acne
Antibiotics work by targeting the bacteria that contribute to acne. Specifically, they reduce the population of Cutibacterium acnes, a type of bacteria that lives on your skin and can cause inflammation when trapped in hair follicles. But that's not all - many antibiotics used for acne, particularly tetracyclines, also have anti-inflammatory properties. It's like they're fighting a two-front war against your acne!
Types of Antibiotics Used
The most commonly prescribed antibiotics for acne are tetracyclines, such as doxycycline and minocycline. These are usually the first choice due to their effectiveness and relatively low side effect profile. Other options include macrolides like erythromycin, though these are used less frequently due to increasing bacterial resistance. Your doctor will choose the best option based on your individual case.
When to Consider Antibiotic Treatment
Oral antibiotics are typically reserved for moderate to severe acne, especially when topical treatments haven't been effective. They're particularly useful for inflammatory acne - the red, swollen pimples and deeper nodules or cysts. However, antibiotics aren't a quick fix. Treatment usually lasts for several months, and they're often used in combination with topical treatments for best results.
Frequently Asked Questions
Improvement usually starts after 6-8 weeks.
Yes, including stomach upset and sun sensitivity.
No, long-term use isn't recommended.
No, acne may return after stopping.
A Powerful Tool
Antibiotics can be a game-changer for those with stubborn, inflammatory acne, but they're not for everyone.
References
- Zaenglein AL, et al. Guidelines of care for the management of acne vulgaris. J Am Acad Dermatol 2016; 74:945.
- Ochsendorf F. Systemic antibiotic therapy of acne vulgaris. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2006; 4:828.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic. Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.
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