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Post-Lumbar Puncture Headache: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
Published: Aug 16, 2024
One of the most common side effects after a lumbar puncture is a headache. This article will explore why these headaches occur, how to recognize them, and what you can do to find relief.
What Causes Post-Lumbar Puncture Headaches?
Post-lumbar puncture headaches, also known as post-dural puncture headaches, occur when spinal fluid continues to leak from the tiny hole made by the needle. This leads to lower pressure in the spinal fluid, which can cause the brain to sag slightly within the skull, leading to pain. These headaches typically start within 24-48 hours after the procedure.
Recognizing the Symptoms
The hallmark of a post-lumbar puncture headache is that it gets worse when you sit or stand up, and improves when you lie down flat. The pain is usually located in the front of the head or back of the neck. Some people also experience nausea, dizziness, or ringing in the ears. These headaches can range from mild to severe and may last for several days.
Treatment Options
Most post-lumbar puncture headaches improve on their own within a few days. Lying flat, staying hydrated, and taking caffeine or over-the-counter pain relievers can help. If the headache is severe or persists, your doctor might recommend a procedure called an epidural blood patch. This involves injecting a small amount of your own blood into the space around the spinal cord, which can help seal the leak.
Frequently Asked Questions
They occur in about 10-30% of patients.
Certain needle types may reduce risk.
If headache is severe or lasts more than a week.
Check with your doctor first.
Light at the End of the Tunnel
While post-lumbar puncture headaches can be uncomfortable, they're usually temporary and manageable with proper care.
References
- Nath S, Koziarz A, Badhiwala JH, et al. Atraumatic versus conventional lumbar puncture needles: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 2018; 391:1197.
- Webb CA, Weyker PD, Zhang L, et al. Unintentional dural puncture with a Tuohy needle increases risk of chronic headache. Anesth Analg 2012; 115:124.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic. Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.
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