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Is That Blood? Understanding Symptoms of Upper GI Bleeding
Published: Sep 25, 2023
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) presents with some alarming symptoms. Knowing these signs can help you seek medical attention promptly.
Vomiting Blood: Hematemesis Explained
Hematemesis is a classic symptom of UGIB, where a person vomits blood, which may appear red or like coffee grounds. This can be a sign of bleeding from the stomach or esophagus. It's important to seek medical help immediately if you experience hematemesis, as it can indicate a serious underlying condition like a peptic ulcer or varices.
Tarry Stools: Melena and What It Means
Melena refers to black, tarry stools and is another symptom of UGIB. The dark color is due to blood that has been partially digested. This symptom often points to bleeding higher up in the digestive tract, such as the stomach or small intestine. It's a warning sign that shouldn't be ignored.
Fresh Blood in Stool: Hematochezia
Hematochezia is less common in UGIB but can occur in severe cases. It involves passing fresh red blood through the rectum and might indicate heavy bleeding. While more typical of lower gastrointestinal bleeding, hematochezia can sometimes be associated with UGIB and warrants immediate medical evaluation.
Frequently Asked Questions
Hematemesis is vomiting blood, a key sign of UGIB.
Melena is caused by digested blood, indicating UGIB.
Hematochezia indicates fresh bleeding, seen in severe UGIB cases.
Yes, black stools can indicate melena, a symptom of UGIB.
Key Takeaways
Knowing the symptoms of UGIB can lead to quicker diagnosis and treatment.
References
- Balderas V, Bhore R, Lara LF, et al. The hematocrit level in upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage: safety of endoscopy and outcomes. Am J Med 2011; 124:970.
- Loperfido S, Baldo V, Piovesana E, et al. Changing trends in acute upper-GI bleeding: a population-based study. Gastrointest Endosc 2009; 70:212.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic. Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.
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