Volume depletion occurs when your body loses more fluids than it takes in, affecting blood flow to vital organs. This can happen due to sodium-containing fluid loss from the body through various channels, such as urine, gastrointestinal tract, skin, or internal sequestration. Common causes include excessive sweating, vomiting, diarrhea, or bleeding. Knowing these causes is vital for identifying and preventing volume depletion.

Symptoms of volume depletion can vary but often include dizziness, fatigue, and thirst. More severe cases may cause confusion, low blood pressure, and reduced skin elasticity. Recognizing these symptoms early can prevent complications. Laboratory tests may reveal elevated creatinine levels or changes in sodium and potassium levels, indicating fluid imbalance.

Diagnosing volume depletion involves clinical evaluation of symptoms and laboratory tests. A low urine sodium concentration often suggests reduced blood flow to tissues. Physical examination and patient history can help identify the source of fluid loss. In older adults, symptoms may be less specific, requiring careful clinical assessment.

Volume depletion is a serious condition that requires prompt recognition and management.