What Causes Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?
Medically reviewed by Linda Girgis | MD, Girgis Family Medicine on August 21st, 2026.
Carpal tunnel syndrome develops when the median nerve becomes compressed as it passes through the narrow carpal tunnel in your wrist. This compression typically results from swelling and inflammation that reduces space within the tunnel. Repetitive hand motions, such as typing or assembly line work, account for approximately 50% of cases by causing tissue irritation. Medical conditions like diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and pregnancy increase risk by promoting fluid retention and nerve sensitivity. Other factors include wrist anatomy variations, previous injuries, and hormonal changes during menopause. Women are three times more likely to develop the condition than men.
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