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How is Polyneuropathy Diagnosed? The Tests You Need to Know
Published: Sep 04, 2024
Diagnosing polyneuropathy involves several tests to determine the cause and extent of nerve damage. Learn about these diagnostic steps and why they're important.
Electrodiagnostic Testing
Electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies (NCS) are often the first tests conducted for diagnosing polyneuropathy. These tests measure how well and how fast nerves can send electrical signals. They help determine whether the neuropathy is axonal or demyelinating, which is key to understanding the underlying cause.
Laboratory Tests
Laboratory tests can provide clues about possible underlying conditions causing polyneuropathy. Blood tests for glucose levels, vitamin deficiencies, and thyroid function are commonly conducted. These tests are selected based on the patient's history and electrodiagnostic results.
Advanced Testing
In some cases, more specialized tests like genetic testing or nerve biopsy might be necessary. These are typically reserved for cases where the cause is not clear from initial tests. Advanced testing can help identify rare conditions or hereditary factors.
Frequently Asked Questions
EMG is a test that measures muscle response to nerve signals.
They test how fast and well nerves can send electrical signals.
Yes, they can reveal underlying conditions causing nerve damage.
It's needed when hereditary neuropathy is suspected.
The Bottom Line
Accurate diagnosis of polyneuropathy involves a combination of tests to pinpoint its cause.
References
- England JD, Gronseth GS, Franklin G, et al. Practice Parameter: evaluation of distal symmetric polyneuropathy. Neurology 2009; 72:185.
- Berini SE, Dyck PJB. The utility of nerve biopsy in carefully selected patients in modern neuromuscular practice. Muscle Nerve 2019; 59:635.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic. Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.
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