What You Need to Know About Metacarpal Head Fractures
Published: Nov 12, 2023
Metacarpal head fractures are common hand injuries often caused by direct trauma. Understanding their causes and symptoms can help in early diagnosis and treatment.
Contents
How Do These Fractures Happen?
Metacarpal head fractures typically occur from a direct blow or crush injury, often during altercations when someone punches an object with a closed fist. The second metacarpal, linked to the index finger, is the most commonly affected, while the first metacarpal, related to the thumb, is rarely injured. Sometimes, these fractures occur due to ligament ruptures, leading to avulsion fractures at the metacarpal head.
Recognizing the Symptoms
Common symptoms of metacarpal head fractures include pain and swelling at the site of injury, decreased range of motion, and tenderness over the distal metacarpal. During examination, a healthcare provider will check for rotational deformities and skin integrity, especially if there are signs of an open fracture. Any significant pain during joint stress could indicate further complications like ligament injury.
Diagnosis: Getting It Right
Diagnosing these fractures typically involves imaging tests such as plain radiographs, which can clearly show the extent of the injury. Ultrasound might be used for an initial assessment but is not as detailed as other imaging techniques. In cases where fractures are not visible but suspected, a CT scan is recommended for a more detailed evaluation.
Frequently Asked Questions
They are usually caused by direct trauma or crush injuries.
They are diagnosed using imaging tests like radiographs and CT scans.
Common symptoms include pain, swelling, and reduced motion.
Yes, but it's typically less detailed than radiographs or CT scans.
Key Takeaways
Understanding the causes and symptoms of metacarpal head fractures is crucial for timely treatment and recovery.
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References
Ashkenaze DM, Ruby LK. Metacarpal fractures and dislocations. Orthop Clin North Am 1992; 23:19.
Eiff MP, Hatch R. Metacarpal fractures. In: Fracture Management for Primary Care, 3rd ed, Elsevier, Philadelphia 2018.
Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.