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What's That Lump? Understanding Neck Masses in Adults
Published: Jan 06, 2024
Neck masses can be a concerning discovery, often detected as a new lump by chance. While some are harmless, others might indicate serious conditions.
Types of Neck Masses
Neck masses can be broadly categorized into infectious, malignant, or inflammatory types. Infectious masses are rare but need urgent treatment. Malignant masses are the most feared and can present with specific signs, like being firm, large, or fixed. Inflammatory masses usually have associated symptoms like tenderness or warmth.
Signs of Malignancy
Certain features in a neck mass raise suspicion for cancer, such as a size greater than 1.5 cm, firmness, or reduced mobility. Other risk factors include being over 40, smoking, or a history of cancer. Symptoms like hoarseness or unexplained weight loss can also point towards a possible malignancy.
Diagnostic Approach
When a neck mass is suspected to be malignant, a thorough assessment including imaging and biopsy is essential. CT or MRI scans help visualize the mass, while a fine-needle aspiration biopsy can provide tissue for analysis. This ensures a precise diagnosis and guides appropriate treatment.
Frequently Asked Questions
Most neck masses in adults are neoplastic or related to tumors.
They are often noticed as lumps during grooming or by others.
Risk factors include age over 40, smoking, and a history of cancer.
Yes, though infectious neck masses are rare and require prompt treatment.
Key Takeaways
Understanding the nature of a neck mass is crucial for timely and appropriate treatment.
References
- Pynnonen MA, et al. Clinical Practice Guideline: Evaluation of the Neck Mass in Adults. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017; 157:S1.
- Kshirsagar RS, et al. The Adult Neck Mass: Predictors of Malignancy. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021; 165:673.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic. Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.
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