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What is Diverticulitis? Understanding the Painful Gut Condition
Published: Apr 20, 2024
Diverticulitis is a painful condition where small pouches in the colon become inflamed or infected. It's a common problem that can cause severe abdominal pain and other uncomfortable symptoms.
What Causes Diverticulitis?
Diverticulitis occurs when small pouches called diverticula form in the colon wall and become inflamed or infected. These pouches can develop over time, especially in people over 40. While the exact cause isn't known, factors like a low-fiber diet, obesity, smoking, and lack of exercise may increase the risk. Think of the colon like a garden hose - too much pressure can cause weak spots to bulge out and form pouches.
What Are the Symptoms?
The main symptom of diverticulitis is abdominal pain, usually on the lower left side. The pain may come on suddenly and be constant. Other common symptoms include fever, nausea, vomiting, and changes in bowel habits like constipation or diarrhea. Some people may notice blood in their stool. In severe cases, complications like abscesses or perforations can occur.
How is it Diagnosed?
If your doctor suspects diverticulitis, they will likely order a CT scan of your abdomen. This imaging test can show inflamed diverticula and rule out other causes of abdominal pain. Blood tests may be done to check for signs of infection. In some cases, other tests like ultrasound or colonoscopy may be needed.
What's the Treatment?
Treatment depends on the severity. Mild cases may be treated at home with rest, a liquid diet, and antibiotics. More severe cases may require hospitalization for IV antibiotics and bowel rest. Surgery is sometimes needed for complications. Long-term management focuses on preventing future attacks through diet changes and lifestyle modifications.
Frequently Asked Questions
It can be, especially if complications develop.
A high-fiber diet and healthy lifestyle may help prevent attacks.
About 5% of people with diverticulosis develop diverticulitis.
Yes, recurrence is common without preventive measures.
No, most cases can be treated without surgery.
The Bottom Line
While diverticulitis can be painful and concerning, proper diagnosis and treatment can help manage the condition effectively.
References
- Jacobs DO. Clinical practice. Diverticulitis. N Engl J Med 2007; 357:2057.
- Shahedi K, Fuller G, Bolus R, et al. Long-term risk of acute diverticulitis among patients with incidental diverticulosis found during colonoscopy. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013; 11:1609.
- Stollman NH, Raskin JB. Diagnosis and management of diverticular disease of the colon in adults. Am J Gastroenterol 1999; 94:3110.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic. Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.
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