What Is Acute Rheumatic Fever and Why Should You Care?
What Is Acute Rheumatic Fever and Why Should You Care?
The Big Picture
Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF) is a serious condition that can occur after a throat infection. Understanding it can help prevent its complications.
Contents
- What Causes ARF?
- Who Is Most at Risk?
- How ARF Affects the Body
What Causes ARF?
ARF typically follows an infection with Group A Streptococcus, the bacteria responsible for strep throat. The body's immune response can mistakenly attack its own tissues, leading to the symptoms of ARF. This can occur weeks after the initial throat infection, often without the person realizing the connection.
Who Is Most at Risk?
Children aged 5 to 15 are most commonly affected by ARF. The condition is more prevalent in low-resource areas due to factors like overcrowding and limited access to healthcare. In these regions, ARF poses a significant health risk, leading to severe complications like rheumatic heart disease.
How ARF Affects the Body
ARF can cause a variety of symptoms, including joint pain, heart inflammation, and involuntary movements known as chorea. These arise from the immune system's attack on the body's own tissues. The heart is particularly vulnerable, with potential long-term damage leading to rheumatic heart disease.
FAQs
What triggers ARF?
It's triggered by an immune response to Group A Streptococcus.
Who is most affected by ARF?
Children aged 5 to 15 are most affected.
Where is ARF most common?
It's most common in low-resource areas.
What are the symptoms of ARF?
Symptoms include joint pain and heart inflammation.
Key Takeaways
Understanding ARF's causes and risks can help in preventing its severe outcomes.
Additional References
- Watkins DA, Johnson CO, Colquhoun SM, et al. N Engl J Med 2017; 377:713.
- Tibazarwa KB, Volmink JA, Mayosi BM. Heart 2008; 94:1534.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic.