Reflex syncope, also known as neurally-mediated syncope, occurs when a reflex causes blood vessels to widen or the heart to slow down, leading to a drop in blood pressure. This results in a temporary loss of consciousness due to insufficient blood flow to the brain. Common types include vasovagal syncope, which happens in stressful situations, and situational syncope, triggered by specific actions like coughing or urination.

Vasovagal syncope is often triggered by emotional stress, pain, or prolonged standing. On the other hand, situational syncope can occur during urination, defecation, or even swallowing. Understanding these triggers is key to managing and preventing future episodes. Interestingly, some people, especially older adults, might not experience the typical warning signs before fainting.

Reflex syncope involves complex interactions between the heart and nervous system. Cardioinhibitory responses slow the heart, while vasodepressor responses reduce blood pressure. Mixed responses involve both mechanisms. These reactions are often triggered by changes in the body's position or by emotional stress, leading to the fainting spells commonly seen in reflex syncope.

Understanding your body's responses can help manage reflex syncope effectively.