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Unmasking the Culprits: What's Behind Your Low Calcium Levels?
Published: Aug 17, 2024
Low calcium, or hypocalcemia, can stem from various causes. Understanding these can help you and your doctor pinpoint the issue and find the right treatment.
Parathyroid Problems: The Main Suspects
The parathyroid glands are tiny organs in your neck that control calcium levels. When they're not working properly, it's called hypoparathyroidism. This can happen after neck surgery, due to autoimmune diseases, or rarely, from genetic conditions. Think of the parathyroid glands as the body's calcium thermostat - when they're broken, your calcium levels can drop too low.
Vitamin D Deficiency: The Silent Thief
Vitamin D helps your body absorb calcium from food. Without enough of it, your calcium levels can drop. This can happen if you don't get enough sunlight, have certain digestive problems, or take medications that interfere with vitamin D. It's like trying to fill a bucket with a hole in it - without vitamin D, the calcium you consume might not stay in your body.
Kidney Troubles: The Calcium Balancing Act
Your kidneys play a crucial role in calcium balance. In chronic kidney disease, the kidneys may not activate vitamin D properly or may not be able to keep phosphate levels in check. High phosphate can cause calcium to drop. It's a bit like a seesaw - when phosphate goes up, calcium often goes down.
Medication Side Effects: The Unexpected Culprits
Some medications can lower calcium levels as a side effect. These include certain osteoporosis drugs (bisphosphonates), some cancer treatments, and drugs used to treat high calcium levels. It's important to be aware of these potential effects, especially if you're taking multiple medications. Always discuss any new symptoms with your doctor.
Frequently Asked Questions
Rarely, as the body regulates calcium tightly.
Not always, but it can be if left untreated.
Indirectly, through hormonal changes.
Yes, including those with certain medical conditions or on specific medications.
Often, by addressing underlying causes and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.
Key Takeaways
Low calcium has many potential causes, from gland issues to medication effects, making proper diagnosis crucial.
References
- Riccardi D, Brown EM. Physiology and pathophysiology of the calcium-sensing receptor in the kidney. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2010; 298:F485.
- Hannan FM, Thakker RV. Investigating hypocalcaemia. BMJ 2013; 346:f2213.
- Spångeus A, Rydetun J, Woisetschläger M. Prevalence of denosumab-induced hypocalcemia: a retrospective observational study of patients routinely monitored with ionized calcium post-injection. Osteoporos Int 2024; 35:173.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic. Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.
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