Contents
Unmasking the Causes of Cushing Syndrome: What You Need to Know!
Published: Nov 12, 2023
Understanding the causes of Cushing syndrome is key to preventing and managing this complex condition that affects many aspects of health.
The Usual Suspects
Cushing syndrome can stem from various causes, but the primary culprit is prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol. This can happen naturally if the adrenal glands produce too much cortisol or externally from medications. Iatrogenic Cushing syndrome, caused by long-term use of glucocorticoid drugs, is more common than other types but often goes unreported.
Pituitary Power Plays
Cushing disease, a form of Cushing syndrome, is caused by the pituitary gland producing too much ACTH, which in turn stimulates cortisol production. This accounts for 65 to 70 percent of Cushing syndrome cases. It is more prevalent in women and typically occurs between ages 25 and 45.
The Ectopic Enigma
Ectopic ACTH syndrome is another cause, where ACTH is produced in places other than the pituitary gland, such as in tumors. This accounts for 10 to 15 percent of cases and is often underdiagnosed due to its subtle symptoms. Recognizing it early is crucial for effective treatment.
Adrenal Tumor Trouble
Adrenal tumors, both benign and malignant, contribute to around 20 percent of Cushing syndrome cases. These tumors cause the adrenal glands to produce excess cortisol. While adrenal adenomas are more common, carcinomas are more severe and require prompt treatment.
Frequently Asked Questions
The main cause is prolonged high levels of cortisol in the body.
It is the most common form but often goes unreported.
It can cause Cushing disease by producing excess ACTH, leading to high cortisol levels.
They are growths on the adrenal glands that can cause excess cortisol production.
The Bottom Line
Understanding the causes of Cushing syndrome is the first step in managing and preventing this condition.
References
- Etxabe J, Vazquez JA. Morbidity and mortality in Cushing's disease: an epidemiological approach. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1994; 40:479.
- Broder MS, Neary MP, Chang E, et al. Incidence of Cushing's syndrome and Cushing's disease in commercially-insured patients <65 years old in the United States. Pituitary 2015; 18:283.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic. Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.
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