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Transcranial Doppler: The Unsung Hero in Preventing Sickle Cell Strokes?
Published: Jun 24, 2024
Transcranial Doppler (TCD) is a powerful tool in the fight against stroke in children with sickle cell disease. This non-invasive test has revolutionized stroke prevention, potentially saving countless lives.
How TCD Works
TCD uses ultrasound to measure blood flow velocity in brain arteries. In sickle cell disease, high velocities indicate a higher risk of stroke. The test is painless and takes about 30 minutes, making it suitable for regular screening in children.
From Test to Treatment
If TCD results show high risk, doctors may recommend starting chronic blood transfusions. This treatment can reduce stroke risk by up to 90% in high-risk children. Regular TCD screening and timely intervention have dramatically reduced stroke rates in sickle cell patients.
Challenges and Limitations
While highly effective, TCD screening isn't perfect. It requires specialized equipment and trained technicians, which may not be available everywhere. Additionally, some children may have difficulty staying still for the test, and bone thickness can affect results in older patients.
Frequently Asked Questions
Usually around age 2, continuing annually through adolescence.
No, it's painless and non-invasive.
Doctors usually recommend starting chronic blood transfusions.
A Life-Saving Screen
TCD screening is a crucial tool in preventing devastating strokes in children with sickle cell disease.
References
- Adams RJ, McKie VC, Hsu L, et al. Prevention of a first stroke by transfusions in children with sickle cell anemia and abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. N Engl J Med 1998; 339:5.
- DeBaun MR, Armstrong FD, McKinstry RC, et al. Silent cerebral infarcts: a review on a prevalent and progressive cause of neurologic injury in sickle cell anemia. Blood 2012; 119:4587.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic. Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.
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