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Penicillin Allergy Symptoms: What to Watch For
Published: Feb 08, 2024
Recognizing the signs of a penicillin allergy can be life-saving. But not all reactions are true allergies, and some symptoms are more serious than others.
Immediate vs. Delayed Reactions
Penicillin allergies are typically categorized as immediate or delayed. Immediate reactions occur within an hour of taking the medication and are usually more severe. Delayed reactions can appear days later and are often less serious. Understanding the timing can help determine the type of reaction you're experiencing.
Common Symptoms of Immediate Reactions
Immediate allergic reactions to penicillin can include hives, itching, flushing, swelling of the face or throat, wheezing, difficulty breathing, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. In severe cases, anaphylaxis may occur, causing a dangerous drop in blood pressure and potential loss of consciousness. These symptoms require immediate medical attention.
Delayed Reaction Symptoms
Delayed reactions typically appear after several days of treatment. Common symptoms include rashes, fever, and joint pain. While usually less severe than immediate reactions, some delayed reactions can be serious, such as serum sickness or rare conditions like Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
Frequently Asked Questions
Yes, both immediate and delayed reactions can cause rashes.
Anaphylaxis typically occurs within minutes to an hour after exposure.
No, some reactions are side effects, not true allergies.
The Bottom Line
Knowing penicillin allergy symptoms helps you seek appropriate care and avoid unnecessary antibiotic restrictions.
References
- Mirakian R, Leech SC, Krishna MT, et al. Management of allergy to penicillins and other beta-lactams. Clin Exp Allergy 2015; 45:300.
- Blanca M, Torres MJ, García JJ, et al. Natural evolution of skin test sensitivity in patients allergic to beta-lactam antibiotics. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1999; 103:918.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic. Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.
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