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Is Inflammatory Bowel Disease a Hidden Risk for Colorectal Cancer?
Published: Jun 01, 2024
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) isn't just about stomach pain and discomfort. It also increases your risk of developing colorectal cancer.
Understanding the IBD-CRC Connection
Patients with IBD are at a higher risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) compared to the general population. On average, CRC in IBD patients occurs at a younger age (40 to 50 years) than in those without IBD. Risk factors include the type, duration, and severity of IBD, with extensive colitis posing the highest risk.
Ulcerative Colitis vs. Crohn's Disease
Both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease increase CRC risk, but the extent of this risk varies. Ulcerative colitis patients have a higher risk if the disease is extensive or has been active for a long time. Crohn's disease with colonic involvement also poses a significant risk, similar to extensive ulcerative colitis.
Role of Inflammation and Pseudopolyps
Chronic inflammation is a major risk factor for CRC in IBD patients. Inflammation severity and the presence of pseudopolyps, although debatable, have been associated with increased risk. A history of severe inflammation often signals a need for closer surveillance.
Frequently Asked Questions
IBD increases CRC risk by 1.29 cases per 1000 person-years.
Patients with extensive colitis and early-onset disease are at the highest risk.
Yes, younger age at onset is linked to higher CRC risk.
Not always, but they can indicate severe inflammation.
Key Takeaways
Knowing the risks can help manage IBD effectively and reduce cancer chances.
References
- Munkholm P, Loftus EV Jr, Reinacher-Schick A, et al. Prevention of colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease: value of screening and 5-aminosalicylates. Digestion 2006; 73:11.
- Söderlund S, Granath F, Broström O, et al. Inflammatory bowel disease confers a lower risk of colorectal cancer to females than to males. Gastroenterology 2010; 138:1697.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic. Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.
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