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Hypothyroidism: When Your Thyroid Slows Down
Published: Mar 21, 2024
Hypothyroidism occurs when your thyroid gland doesn't produce enough thyroid hormones. This common condition can affect your entire body, slowing down many of its functions.
Signs and Symptoms
Hypothyroidism can cause a wide range of symptoms, often developing slowly over time. Common signs include fatigue, weight gain, cold sensitivity, dry skin, constipation, and depression. Some people may also experience muscle weakness, joint pain, or thinning hair. However, symptoms can vary greatly between individuals.
Causes and Risk Factors
The most common cause of hypothyroidism is an autoimmune condition called Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Other causes include certain medications, radiation therapy, and surgical removal of the thyroid. Risk factors include being female, over 60 years old, or having a family history of thyroid disorders. Iodine deficiency can also lead to hypothyroidism in some parts of the world.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis typically involves a blood test to measure TSH and sometimes T4 levels. If hypothyroidism is confirmed, treatment usually consists of taking synthetic thyroid hormone (levothyroxine) daily. The dose is adjusted based on symptoms and follow-up blood tests. With proper treatment, most people with hypothyroidism can lead normal, healthy lives.
Frequently Asked Questions
It's usually not curable, but very manageable with medication.
Diet alone can't cure it, but can support thyroid health.
It may take several weeks to feel improvement.
Yes, it can slow metabolism and lead to weight gain.
Yes, it's about 5-8 times more common in women.
Living with Hypothyroidism
While hypothyroidism is a lifelong condition for many, proper treatment can effectively manage symptoms and prevent complications.
References
- Ross DS, et al. 2016 American Thyroid Association Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management of Hyperthyroidism and Other Causes of Thyrotoxicosis. Thyroid 2016; 26:1343.
- Garber JR, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for hypothyroidism in adults: cosponsored by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and the American Thyroid Association. Thyroid 2012; 22:1200.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic. Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.
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