Hypercalcemia Tests: What Do They Reveal?
Hypercalcemia Tests: What Do They Reveal?
Diagnostic Insights
Diagnosing hypercalcemia involves a series of tests to pinpoint its cause. This article breaks down the key tests used in this process and what they can reveal.
Contents
- Confirming Hypercalcemia
- The Role of PTH
- Vitamin D and Other Tests
Confirming Hypercalcemia
Before diagnosing hypercalcemia, doctors first confirm the condition by checking calcium levels in the blood multiple times. They adjust these levels based on albumin, a protein that binds calcium, to ensure accurate results. This step is crucial because false readings can lead to misdiagnosis.
The Role of PTH
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels are vital in distinguishing between causes of hypercalcemia. Elevated PTH often indicates primary hyperparathyroidism, whereas low PTH suggests other causes like malignancy or vitamin D issues. This test is a cornerstone in the diagnostic process.
Vitamin D and Other Tests
Tests for vitamin D metabolites help identify cases of vitamin D intoxication. High levels suggest excessive intake or production, often seen in certain diseases. Additional tests, like serum protein electrophoresis, can point to other conditions like multiple myeloma.
FAQs
Why repeat calcium tests?
To confirm consistent high calcium levels and adjust for albumin.
What does a PTH test show?
It helps identify if hypercalcemia is due to parathyroid issues.
Can vitamin D cause hypercalcemia?
Yes, excessive vitamin D can lead to high calcium levels.
Wrapping Up
Accurate testing is the key to uncovering the cause of hypercalcemia and guiding treatment.
Additional References
- Nussbaum SR, Zahradnik RJ, Lavigne JR, et al. Highly sensitive two-site immunoradiometric assay of parathyrin. Clin Chem 1987; 33:1364.
- Burtis WJ, Wu TL, Insogna KL, Stewart AF. Humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy. Ann Intern Med 1988; 108:454.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic.