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How Do Doctors Diagnose Antiphospholipid Syndrome?
Published: Dec 15, 2023
Diagnosing antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) involves a series of specific blood tests. Learn how these tests can reveal the presence of this complex condition.
The Role of Blood Tests
Blood tests are crucial for diagnosing APS, as they can detect antiphospholipid antibodies, which are the biomarkers of the syndrome. The three primary tests include checking for lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin antibodies, and anti-beta2 glycoprotein I antibodies. These tests must show consistent results over a period of time to confirm the presence of APS.
Timing and Repetition
Timing is essential in diagnosing APS. Initial tests are usually done shortly after a suspected clinical event like a thrombosis or pregnancy complication. To confirm APS, these tests must be repeated at least 12 weeks later. This is crucial because antiphospholipid antibodies can sometimes appear temporarily due to infections or medications.
Interpreting the Results
Not all positive results indicate APS; the interpretation of these tests depends on factors like the type of antibody and the strength and persistence of the antibody presence. A detailed analysis helps determine if the antibodies are clinically significant, aiding in the diagnosis of APS.
Frequently Asked Questions
Tests for lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin, and anti-beta2 glycoprotein I antibodies are used.
Repeating tests confirms persistent antibody presence, necessary for APS diagnosis.
Yes, infections or medications can cause temporary antibody presence.
Tests should be repeated at least 12 weeks apart.
Wrapping Up
Accurate diagnosis of APS relies on specific and repeated blood tests.
References
- Giannakopoulos B, Passam F, Ioannou Y, Krilis SA. How we diagnose the antiphospholipid syndrome. Blood 2009; 113:985.
- Devreese KMJ, Ortel TL, Pengo V, et al. Laboratory criteria for antiphospholipid syndrome: communication from the SSC of the ISTH. J Thromb Haemost 2018; 16:809.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic. Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.
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