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Draining the Pain: How Anorectal Abscesses Are Treated
Published: Dec 30, 2023
When it comes to anorectal abscesses, surgical drainage is the primary treatment. But what does this procedure involve, and why is it so important?
The Drainage Procedure
Surgical drainage of an anorectal abscess involves making an incision to release the built-up pus. The procedure's specifics depend on the abscess location. For example, a perianal abscess is drained through a skin incision, while an intersphincteric abscess is drained into the rectum. The goal is always to provide the most effective drainage while minimizing potential complications.
Anesthesia and Setting
The type of anesthesia used depends on the abscess's location and size. Simple perianal abscesses can often be drained under local anesthesia in an outpatient setting. However, deeper or more complex abscesses may require regional or general anesthesia in an operating room. Your doctor will determine the best approach based on your specific situation.
After the Procedure
After drainage, the wound is usually left open to continue draining. Contrary to popular belief, packing the wound isn't always necessary and may increase pain. You'll be advised to take sitz baths or use a handheld shower to keep the area clean. Most patients also receive a course of antibiotics to prevent further infection.
Frequently Asked Questions
Yes, to prevent spread of infection.
Usually a few weeks, depending on abscess size.
Sometimes, if a fistula develops.
Anesthesia minimizes pain during the procedure.
A Crucial Step
While the thought of drainage might be uncomfortable, it's a crucial step in treating anorectal abscesses and preventing more serious complications.
References
- Gaertner WB, et al. The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Anorectal Abscess, Fistula-in-Ano, and Rectovaginal Fistula. Dis Colon Rectum 2022; 65:964.
- Mocanu V, et al. Antibiotic use in prevention of anal fistulas following incision and drainage of anorectal abscesses: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Surg 2019; 217:910.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic. Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.
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