Diagnosing Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP): Tests and Procedures Explained

Initial Blood Tests

The first step in diagnosing ITP is usually a complete blood count (CBC). This test measures the levels of different blood cells, including platelets. In ITP, platelet counts are typically low while other blood cell counts remain normal. Your doctor may also order a blood smear, where blood cells are examined under a microscope to check their appearance and confirm the low platelet count.

Ruling Out Other Causes

Since ITP is a diagnosis of exclusion, your doctor will need to rule out other conditions that can cause low platelet counts. This may involve additional blood tests to check for infections like HIV or hepatitis C, which can cause secondary ITP. Tests for other autoimmune diseases or blood disorders might also be performed. Your medical history and physical exam results will help guide which tests are necessary.

Bone Marrow Examination

In some cases, especially for older adults or if initial treatments don't work as expected, a bone marrow examination may be recommended. This involves taking a small sample of bone marrow, usually from the hip bone, to examine under a microscope. This test can help rule out other bone marrow disorders that might be causing low platelet counts. While it sounds intimidating, the procedure is typically quick and performed with local anesthesia.

Frequently Asked Questions

Key Takeaways

While diagnosing ITP can be complex, these tests help ensure accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Related Articles

• What is Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) and How is it Treated?
• First-Line Treatments for Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP): What You Need to Know
• Recognizing the Signs and Symptoms of Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP)
• Understanding Risk Factors and Complications of Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP)

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