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Cracking the Case: How Doctors Diagnose Chronic Diarrhea
Published: Apr 22, 2024
Diagnosing chronic diarrhea can be like solving a mystery. Learn about the tests doctors use to get to the bottom of persistent digestive issues.
Starting with the Basics
The diagnostic journey usually begins with a thorough medical history and physical exam. Your doctor will ask about the duration and nature of your symptoms, any associated issues like weight loss or pain, and your diet and medication history. This information helps guide which tests are most appropriate.
Common Lab Tests
Blood tests are often the first step, checking for signs of infection, inflammation, or nutritional deficiencies. Stool tests look for parasites, harmful bacteria, or excess fat that could indicate malabsorption. A newer test called fecal calprotectin can help distinguish between inflammatory bowel disease and less serious conditions.
Imaging and Endoscopy
If initial tests are inconclusive, imaging studies like CT scans or MRIs may be ordered to look for structural problems. Endoscopic procedures such as colonoscopy allow doctors to directly visualize the intestines and take tissue samples (biopsies) if needed. These can be crucial for diagnosing conditions like inflammatory bowel disease or microscopic colitis.
Specialized Tests
Some cases require more specific testing. Hydrogen breath tests can diagnose lactose intolerance or bacterial overgrowth. Blood tests for celiac disease antibodies may be done if that condition is suspected. In rare cases, doctors might test for hormone-producing tumors that can cause diarrhea.
Frequently Asked Questions
Most are, but check with your provider about specific coverage.
It varies, but can take several weeks if multiple tests are needed.
Most are painless, though some like colonoscopy may cause mild discomfort.
Some require fasting or stopping certain medications - your doctor will advise.
Your doctor may recommend additional testing or empiric treatment trials.
Putting the Pieces Together
While the diagnostic process can be complex, these tests help doctors provide targeted, effective treatment for chronic diarrhea.
References
- Arasaradnam RP, Brown S, Forbes A, et al. Guidelines for the investigation of chronic diarrhoea in adults: British Society of Gastroenterology, 3rd edition. Gut 2018; 67:1380.
- Schiller LR, Pardi DS, Sellin JH. Chronic Diarrhea: Diagnosis and Management. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 15:182.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic. Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.
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