Contents
Are You at Risk for Infective Endocarditis? Key Factors to Know
Published: May 16, 2024
Infective endocarditis (IE) doesn't affect everyone equally. Certain factors can significantly increase your risk of developing this serious heart infection.
Pre-existing Heart Conditions
People with certain heart problems are at higher risk for IE. This includes those with artificial heart valves, a history of previous IE, or congenital heart defects. Conditions that cause turbulent blood flow through the heart, like mitral valve prolapse with regurgitation, also increase risk. If you have any of these conditions, it's crucial to be aware of IE symptoms.
Lifestyle and Medical Factors
Intravenous drug use is a major risk factor for IE, as it can introduce bacteria directly into the bloodstream. People with long-term intravenous catheters or pacemakers also have increased risk. Certain dental procedures, especially in those with valve problems, can sometimes lead to IE. Chronic health conditions that weaken the immune system may also increase susceptibility.
The Role of Bacteria
Some types of bacteria are more likely to cause IE than others. Staphylococcus aureus is a common culprit, especially in healthcare-associated infections. Certain streptococcus species found in the mouth are also frequent causes. Understanding which bacteria pose the greatest risk can help guide prevention strategies.
Frequently Asked Questions
Yes, but it's much less common in those with normal hearts.
No, only certain procedures in high-risk individuals.
Many cases can be prevented with proper precautions.
This varies, but regular cardiac follow-ups are important.
Knowledge is Power
Understanding your personal risk factors for IE is the first step in prevention and early detection.
References
- Cahill TJ, Prendergast BD. Lancet 2016; 387:882.
- Baddour LM, et al. Circulation 2015; 132:1435.
This article has been reviewed for accuracy by one of the licensed medical doctors working for Doctronic. Always discuss health information with your healthcare provider.
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